Analisis Implementasi Problem-Based Learning pada Kompetensi Keahlian Teknik Informatika di SMK Liquiçá, Timor-Leste
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL) pada kompetensi Teknologi Informasi di SMK Liquiçá, Timor-Leste. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi kelas, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan guru dan siswa, serta analisis dokumen. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan tiga kesimpulan utama. Pertama, implementasi PBL masih parsial, ditandai dengan dominasi presentasi masalah oleh guru (35% dari waktu) dibandingkan dengan investigasi independen oleh siswa (25% dari waktu). Guru lebih berperan sebagai teknisi (65% dari waktu) yang menangani masalah teknis daripada sebagai fasilitator pembelajaran (15% dari waktu), dan hanya 30% dari skenario masalah yang memenuhi kriteria keaslian dan relevansi industri. Kedua, faktor penghambat utama meliputi infrastruktur digital yang terbatas (rasio komputer 1:5), kesenjangan kompetensi teknologi-pedagogis guru (TPACK), dan ketidaksiapan siswa (70%) dalam pembelajaran mandiri. Di sisi lain, faktor pendukung yang teridentifikasi adalah motivasi intrinsik siswa, dukungan manajemen sekolah, serta dinamika kolaborasi dalam kelompok. Ketiga, meskipun menghadapi berbagai tantangan, PBL menunjukkan potensi untuk meningkatkan kompetensi praktis siswa, dengan peningkatan signifikan pada keterampilan pemecahan masalah teknis (45%), kemahiran pemrograman perangkat lunak (35%), dan keterampilan debugging (40%). Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan model implementasi PBL kontekstual untuk pendidikan vokasi di lingkungan dengan sumber daya yang terbatas serta memberikan rekomendasi praktis untuk pengembangan kapasitas guru dan optimalisasi sumber daya yang tersedia.
Kata Kunci:
Pembelajaran berbasis masalah; SMK Liquiçá; Teknik informatika; Timor-Leste; TVET
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.38038/vocatech.v8i1.280
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Vocatech : Vocational and Technology Journal
Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat & Penjaminan Mutu
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