Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Abaka Dan Substitusi 5% Abu Cangkang Tiram Dalam Menghasilkan Kuat Tarik Beton Mutu Tinggi
Abstract
Abaca fiber is a natural reinforcement material with potential to improve the tensile performance of concrete. However, its application in high-strength concrete is often hindered by fiber agglomeration, and studies on its use in such concrete remain limited. This research investigates the effect of incorporating abaca fiber in combination with 5% Oyster Shell Ash (OSA) as a partial cement replacement on the splitting tensile strength of high-strength concrete. Concrete specimens (100 mm × 200 mm cylinders) were prepared with abaca fiber contents of 0.15%, 0.30%, and 0.45% by weight of cement. The OSA was sourced from Krueng Neng, Aceh Besar, while the abaca fiber was obtained from East Java, Indonesia. The mix design followed ACI 211.4R-93 guidelines and ASTM testing standards, targeting a compressive strength of 9000 psi (≈ 62 MPa). After 28 days of water curing, results showed that the lowest splitting tensile strength was recorded for normal concrete (6.81 MPa), while the highest value was obtained for the mix containing 5% OSA and 0.30% abaca fiber (8.87 MPa). These findings indicate that the synergy between OSA and optimal abaca fiber content can significantly enhance the tensile performance of high-strength concrete.
Keywords:
Oyster shell ash; abaca fiber; concrete high strength; splitting tensile strength
Abstrak
Serat abaka merupakan material penguat alami yang berpotensi meningkatkan kinerja tarik beton. Namun, penerapannya pada beton mutu tinggi sering terkendala oleh penggumpalan serat, dan kajian terkait penggunaannya pada beton mutu tinggi masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan serat abaka yang dikombinasikan dengan 5% Abu Cangkang Tiram (ACT) sebagai pengganti sebagian semen dalam menghasilkan kuat tarik belah beton mutu tinggi. Benda uji berupa silinder berukuran 100 mm × 200 mm dibuat dengan variasi kadar serat abaka sebesar 0,15%, 0,30%, dan 0,45% dari berat semen. ACT diperoleh dari Krueng Neng, Aceh Besar, sedangkan serat abaka berasal dari Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Perancangan campuran mengacu pada pedoman ACI 211.4R-93 dan standar pengujian ASTM, dengan mutu rencana sebesar 9000 psi (≈ 62 MPa). Setelah perendaman selama 28 hari, hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tarik belah terendah diperoleh pada beton normal (6,81 MPa), sedangkan nilai tertinggi dicapai pada campuran dengan 5% ACT dan 0,30% serat abaka (8,87 MPa). Temuan ini memperlihatkan bahwa kombinasi ACT dan kadar serat abaka yang optimal dapat secara signifikan meningkatkan kinerja tarik beton mutu tinggi.
Kata Kunci:
Abu cangkang tiram; serat abaka; beton mutu tinggi; kuat tarik
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.38038/vocatech.v7i2.244
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